The Increase of Type 2 Diabetes in Children
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Type 2 diabetes is considered a lifestyle disease. The choices we make in the food we eat and how much exercise we get have a great impact on our risk for developing the disease. Yes, there is a strong genetic link as well, but lifestyle choices can add significant risk.
Diet: fast food restaurants can be found everywhere. Burgers, fries, and soft drinks are highly appealing to most children, particularly when they see their friends consuming these foods too. Eating has a big social aspect to it as well -- kids "hang out" together, and when while they're at it they often go for a snack. And what's easily accessible and relatively cheap? Fast food.
Fast food has a high amount of fat, salt, refined carbohydrates, and calories. Consumption of these foods contributes to weight gain. Excess body weight is linked to type 2 diabetes, and the body becomes less sensitive to the effects of insulin (a condition known as insulin resistance, a pre-cursor to diabetes).
Exercise: a sedentary or inactive lifestyle is also a diabetes risk factor. Exercise has many health benefits. It helps to keep blood sugar levels under control, helps lower blood pressure, improves cholesterol, circulation, mood, and much more. Another big thing it does is help to with weight management. Exercise makes losing weight or maintaining a healthy weight easier.
These days, though, children tend not to exercise regularly. Physical education classes in school aren't always mandatory, and recess breaks are short. Kids are often bussed or driven to school. Instead of running around outside, riding bikes, going to the playground, or other such physical pursuits, children can often be found surfing the internet, playing video games, watching TV, or talking on their cell phones.
What can we do to decrease the risk of diabetes in children?
- Limit consumption of fast or convenience foods. Prepare healthy snacks that appeal to children. Involve them in the preparation of their snacks and ask them what they would prefer, eg. "Would you like a banana with peanut butter, or an apple and piece of cheese?" By keeping them involved, children are more likely to be interested in the foods you prepare.
- Encourage exercise. Instead of the kids hanging out eating chips and playing video games, arrange a game of ball hockey or a day at the playground. Set limits on how much time children can spend watching TV, playing video games, or using the computer. Encourage activity by doing things together as a family, like going for a bike ride or heading to the pool.
- Be a good role model. If you're eating junk food and sitting around the house, it's hard to convince a child that they should do otherwise. Join your children in healthy eating and regular exercise.
Type 2 diabetes in children is on the increase. Modern conveniences and a busy lifestyle can make it all too easy to engage in poor eating and exercise habits. Fortunately, lifestyle changes can help to delay or even prevent the onset of diabetes in children.
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