Type 2 Diabetes What Causes Diabetes? Insulin Resistance Signs of Diabetes Hypoglycemia Hyperglycemia Diabetes Treatment Glycemic Index Diabetic Recipes Canine Diabetes Feline Diabetes Articles Library	How Carbs Affect Insulin Release If you have been diagnosed with Type 2 diabetes (also known as adult-onset diabetes), finding a healthy and nutritious diet is very important. The carbohydrates you consume are the most important because they directly affect your blood sugar levels. "Carbs" affect insulin release because they break down into sugars which are absorbed into the blood. As the amount of sugar in the blood rises, the body releases insulin - which in turn puts the sugar into your cells. This sugar is the energy our body uses. In diabetics, the body doesn't produce enough insulin or it doesn't respond to it as well as it should. Understanding how the body uses foods, especially carbohydrates, will help you manage your blood glucose levels. Carbohydrates affect blood sugar levels very quickly. That's why diabetics need to understand which carbs are better, so blood sugar "spikes" are avoided. Different carbs affect blood sugar in different ways. The more carbs you eat, the higher your blood sugar levels will be. There are two types of carbohydrates - simple and complex. Simple carbohydrates are readily available in sweets but also fruit and milk. These carbs are readily broken down by the body when they are eaten and the sugar is quickly absorbed. It is this fast absorption that can cause blood sugar to "spike", especially if you eat a lot of foods that contain simple carbs. Complex carbohydrates are those which are found in starchy food products. These include whole grain breads, pasta, oatmeal, and some vegetables and beans. These carbohydrates take longer to digest and release glucose more slowly, and over a longer period of time. This helps to keep your blood sugar level steadier. Generally, refined or processed food products will break down faster and cause your blood sugar to rise more quickly. Because you want to prevent wild fluctuations in blood sugar levels, complex carbohydrates are your friends, and you can balance them by adding proteins and some fats to your meals. The glycemic index (GI) and the Diabetic Food Pyramid (see below) are both tools you can use to help plan your diet. For example, the Diabetic Food Pyramid allows for: 6 to 11 servings per day of Grains and Starches (breads, pasta, rice, cereal...). 3 to 5 servings per day of Vegetables. 2 to 4 servings per day of Fruits. 2 to 3 servings per day of Milk and Dairy products (low-fat products preferred). 4 to 6 ounces of Meats and Meat Substitutes (lean meats preferred, such as chicken and fish. Includes foods like peanut butter, cheese, cottage cheese, eggs, and tofu). An occasional treat of fats, sweets, and alcohol to be consumed sparingly (potato chips, cookies, candy, cakes, etc). Note that a "serving" will mean something different for every category - for instance, 1 slice of bread is a "serving" of grains/starches, while 1 cup of raw veggies is also a "serving". A dietician or nutritionist can help you figure out a good diet based on your individual needs. Be sure to follow it - it may be difficult at first (as any lifestyle change can be), but it's a necessary part of managing diabetes. Carbs do affect insulin release so understanding what you should and should not eat is vital to your health. Exercise is an important component in a diabetes treatment plan. A combination of regular exercise and a healthy, nutritious diet will keep you feeling your best.     The information on this website is based on our own research and personal experience, and is not a substitute for medical advice. Questions about your health and individual situation should be directed to your doctor.
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